Britain on Monday risked worsening strained ties with China, as it suspended its extradition treaty with Hong Kong in protest at a controversial new security law in the territory.

Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab confirmed the widely expected move in parliament, despite Chinese warnings that Britain was making a grave foreign policy error and risked reprisals.

He also announced an extension to Hong Kong of an arms embargo of "potentially lethal weapons" already in force against mainland China for the last three decades.

Diplomatic ties between London and Beijing have been frayed by the security law, which Western powers see as an erosion on civil liberties and human rights in the financial hub.

China threatened unspecified counter-measures after Britain relaxed immigration rules for Hong Kongers with British overseas passports, and the potential of citizenship.

Adding to the tensions have been British criticisms about China's treatment of the Uighur ethnic minority group, and the blocking of telecoms giant Huawei from its 5G networks.

Raab said Britain wanted to engage constructively with China, acknowledging its "extraordinary transformation" and the key role it had to play in world affairs.

But he said a positive relationship with a country that had international obligations as a global player also included the right to disagree.

The security law had "significantly changed key assumptions underpinning our extradition treaty", particularly a provision to try certain cases in mainland China, he said.

The legislation does not provide legal or judicial safeguards, and there was concern about its potential use in the former British territory, he added.

"The government has decided to suspend the extradition treaty immediately and indefinitely," he said.

"We would not consider reacting to it unless and until there are clear and robust safeguards."

- Arms embargo -

Raab said there was also cause for concern about the extent to which China was playing a role in law enforcement and internal security in semi-autonomous Hong Kong.

"The UK will extend to Hong Kong the arms embargo that we've applied to mainland China since 1989," he told lawmakers.

"The extension of this embargo will mean that there will be no exports from the UK to Hong Kong of potentially lethal weapons, components or ammunition.

"And it will also mean a ban on the export of any equipment already banned, which might be used for internal repression."

A Tuesday statement on the website of the Chinese Embassy in Britain criticised the suspension of the treaty and said "the UK side has gone even further down the wrong road".

"China urges the UK side to immediately stop interfering in Hong Kong affairs, which are China's internal affairs," the statement said, adding that China "strongly condemns and firmly opposes this".

"The UK will bear the consequences if it insists on going down the wrong road."

Britain's extradition treaty suspension follows similar tough action against China by the United States, Canada and Australia.

Beijing has accused London of being a puppet to US foreign policy over Huawei, after Washington slapped sanctions on the Chinese firm's access to US chips vital to its 5G networks.

The United States believes the private firm is a front for the Chinese state, and that the use of its technology could imperil intelligence sharing, charges that the company denies.

The issue is likely to loom large during US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo's visit to London on Tuesday.

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Hong Kong security law sends jitters through city's feisty press
Hong Kong (AFP) July 19, 2020
Hong Kong's status as a bastion of press freedom is in crisis as authorities toughen their line against international media and fears grow about local self-censorship under the city's sweeping new security law. For decades the former British colony has been a shining light for journalists in Asia, lying on the fringes of an authoritarian China where the ruling Communist Party keeps a tight grip on public opinion. The civil liberties that have stewarded the city's success were promised to Hong Ko ... read more