But in a sign of the competition it faces from Beijing, the Solomons police announced the same day it had received a modest donation from China for its police support fund.
The Australian deal -- valued at Aus$190 million (US$118 million) over four years -- will include the construction of a new police training centre in the Solomons' capital Honiara, Canberra said.
It represents a "new foundation for Australia's security partnership with the Solomon Islands", Prime Minister Anthony Albanese told a news conference.
"What we have done is ensure that Australia remains the security partner of choice," he said.
Albanese said he sealed the agreement after discussions with Solomon Islands Prime Minister Jeremiah Manele.
Manele's predecessor switched diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing in 2019.
Three years later, the archipelago signed a secretive security deal with Beijing that raised alarm in Western capitals over China's expanding influence in the Pacific.
- 'Genuine relationship' with China -
Beijing's move sparked a flurry of diplomatic activity by the United States, Australia and other allies to cement closer relations with strategically placed South Pacific nations.
Albanese said his country was proud to make a "significant investment" in the Solomons police so they could take primary responsibility for their own security.
"This partnership will strengthen the Solomon Islands domestic security, but it will also enhance its ability to contribute to regional stability," Albanese said.
Despite Australia's overtures, Solomon Islands ties with China remain tight.
The Solomons police issued a statement within hours of Australia's announcement, saying the Chinese embassy had given its police support fund a donation equal to about US$18,000 to help officers in tough times.
It was testimony to China's "genuine relationship with Solomon Islands", said Ian Vaevaso, police deputy commissioner for national security.
The Australian deal will deliver "much-needed support" for Solomons police but falls short of securing a more exclusive relationship, said Mihai Sora, Pacific analyst at the Sydney-based Lowy Institute think tank.
It would not commit the Solomons to "diminish or scale back" ties with China -- as had been the case in recent deals Australia signed with Nauru, Papua New Guinea and Tuvalu, he said.
"It is weaker than the other commitments," Sora said.
- Local police overwhelmed -
China has been offering its own training and hardware to the Solomons police.
It maintains a small but conspicuous police presence in the country, sending a revolving cadre of officers to train locals in shooting and riot tactics.
Local police, numbering 1,500 for a population of about 720,000, appeared overwhelmed when anti-government protests turned violent in Honiara in November 2021.
The riots left at least three people dead and much of the capital's Chinatown district in ruins.
On a visit to Australia in June, Manele raised the country's policing needs with Albanese.
In a joint statement at the time, the leaders said the Solomons had asked Australia to help it double the size of its police force to 3,000 over a decade, with a longer-term goal of reaching 5,000.
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