Hong Kong's Christmas celebrations were marred by sporadic clashes between police and pro-democracy activists on Wednesday as the city's pro-Beijing leader said the festive season was being "ruined" by demonstrators.

Police used pepper spray and tear gas as activists held small flashmob protests in malls and multiple districts across the city.

In Mong Kok, an area that has seen frequent clashes over the last six months, police fired multiple rounds of tear gas to disperse crowds that were heckling officers, an AFP reporter at the scene said.

Pepper spray was also used in at least two malls as police and protesters clashed. Multiple young protesters were detained, some by plainclothes police who had mixed with the crowds, according to live local TV broadcasts.

Wednesday's skirmishes were less sustained than those on Christmas Eve, when battles between democracy activists and riot police swept through a major shopping district for hours.

That evening's unrest was the most serious in what has otherwise been a few weeks of comparative calm for a city upended by more than six months of often-violent protests.

Police used tear gas, rubber bullets and pepper spray on Christmas Eve in multiple locations while protesters responded with throwing sporadic petrol bombs, blocking roads and vandalising businesses deemed to be sympathetic to the government.

Hong Kong's pro-Beijing leader Carrie Lam on Wednesday condemned the Christmas Eve protesters on Facebook, describing them as "reckless and selfish rioters".

"Such illegal acts have not only dampened the festive mood but also adversely affected local businesses."

But protesters remain defiant.

Roger Mak, an IT security professional, was among hundreds who gathered at a cafe that was hosting a free Christmas banquet Wednesday evening for democracy supporters.

"The government thinks it can silence the people through arrests and threats but Hong Kongers have proven our courage and resilience over these months," Mak told AFP.

- Subdued Christmas -

A former British colony with a sizeable Christian population, Christmas has been distinctly muted in Hong Kong this year.

Swathes of the population are seething against Beijing's rule and the semi-autonomous city's administration as they push for greater democratic freedoms and police accountability.

The months of protest have helped tip a financial hub already battered by the US-China trade war into a recession and intensified political polarisation.

The protests were initially sparked by a now-abandoned attempt to allow extraditions to the authoritarian mainland.

They have since morphed into a popular revolt against Beijing's rule, with spiralling fears that the city is losing some of its unique liberties.

Among the demands being made by protesters is an inquiry into the police, amnesty for the more than 6,000 people arrested and the right to elect Hong Kong's leader.

The city's many malls have become regular protest venues as demonstrators try to cause economic disruption.

Online forums have called for pop-up protests over the Christmas and New Year period targeting shopping districts.

The recent fall-off in violence came after hundreds of hardcore protesters were arrested during a university campus siege -- and after the pro-democracy camp won a landslide in local elections -- last month.

But both Lam and Beijing have refused any further concessions since that electoral defeat.

Earlier this month, a huge crowd of some 800,000 people marched peacefully.

The same group behind that rally have applied for permission to hold a similar march on New Year's Day.

Hong Kong political novices thrust into office on Beijing backlash
Hong Kong (AFP) Dec 24, 2019 - A colourful cast of political novices who won Hong Kong's local elections are attending cramming courses and trading tips on how to take the fight to the city's pro-Beijing establishment in their own neighbourhoods.

Last month's landslide victory for the city's pro-democracy camp was a clarion call for change after six months of huge and increasingly violent protests against the government of Beijing-backed leader Carrie Lam.

The city's district councils are the only elections in which Hong Kongers can vote for every seat -- and they did so in record numbers this year.

Pro-democracy candidates won 392 of 452 races, seizing all but one of the city's 18 districts during a poll that was widely seen as a barometer of seething public anger towards Beijing's rule.

Yet many of those elected openly admit they are political newcomers who would never would have dreamed of running had Beijing and Lam not spent months digging in against the protests.

"I thought I would lose. To be honest, I don't have enough experience," said Chan Tsz-wai, a 26-year-old convenience store worker who wrote his manifesto by hand.

He managed to unseat a rising star of the Democratic Alliance for Betterment -- the city's largest and wealthiest pro-Beijing party -- in Yau Tsim Mong, a district that has seen some of the fiercest battles between protesters and riot police.

"We are all fumbling our way across the river," added Richard Chan, a 47-year-old funeral home director, who won in his district of Tai Po.

He recently attended a series of cramming courses for new councillors, detailing duties such as as balancing the books, running public meetings and how to hire assistants.

- Investigate police -

Hong Kong's district councils deal with bread and butter issues such as bus timetables and garbage collections.

But pro-democracy candidates are strategising on how to maximise their influence where they can.

Chan Tsz-wai plans to focus on pursuing police and local authorities over 31 August, a night when police were filmed beating demonstrators inside the Prince Edward subway station.

"I hope we can investigate this on a district level," he said. "I understand that the power of district council is very weak, but I will do my best."

Richard Chan is currently getting a team together to scrutinise a large housing project with one of the city's biggest property developers.

Sky high housing costs fuel Hong Kong's political crisis with public anger palpable over the pro-Beijing establishment's cosy links with tycoons.

"What most needs to be changed is the cronyism," he said.

Jocelyn Chau, a former customer manager in a bank, was launched from obscurity to eventual political office when she live-streamed her arrest earlier in the year.

The 23-year-old won a seat in North Point, an area that has a long history of support for the pro-Beijing establishment.

She plans to focus on services for young people, a demographic that she said was often ignored by the pro-Beijing parties and have formed the backbone of this year's protests.

"I will continue to look after the needs of the elderly while allocating more resources to cater the young people and families in my communities," she said.

- Next leader -

Beijing forbids Hong Kongers from directly electing their leader -- a stance which lies at the heart of the city's political unrest.

The position is instead chosen by a 1,200 strong committee stacked with pro-Beijing political and business figures who reliably return a party loyalist.

But after November's landslide district council win, the pro-democracy camp will have control of around 117 votes on the committee -- not enough to swing a vote, but possibly enough to influence the debate over what kind of leader Hong Kong needs.

The next leader will be chosen in 2022. Current leader Lam -- who won 777 votes to take office -- currently boasts record low approval ratings.

"The (local) election results told us people wanted change," Richard Chan said.

Some councillors say they must reach across the ideological divide that now permeates Hong Kong.

Cary Lo Chun-yu became a hero to the protest movement in the local elections when he toppled one of the most controversial pro-Beijing figures, outspoken politician Junius Ho.

Ho was stabbed on the campaign trail by a man who pretended to be a fan, and his face is routinely plastered on the ground for people to walk on.

But Lo said bridges needed to be built, noting Ho received 100 more votes than the last election and only lost because of the high turnout of pro-democracy supporters.

"We can't neglect that there are different people supporting Ho," he said.

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